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_BOB HERBERT _

While Iraq Burns

  Americans are shopping while
Iraq burns.
  The competing television news im-
ages  on  the  morning  after Thanks-
giving were of  the  unspeakable car-
nage  in  Sadr City - where more than
200 Iraqi civilians  were killed by a
series  of  coordinated  car  bombs -
and the long lines of cars filled with
holiday   shopping   zealots   that
jammed  the  highway  approaches  to
American malls that had opened for
business at midnight.
  A Wal-Mart in Union,  N.J., was be-
sieged  by  customers  even before it
opened its doors at 5 a.m. on Friday.
  "All I can tell you, said a Wal-Mart
    _____________
    Nothing keeps us
     from shopping.
    _____________
employee, "is that they were fired up
and ready to spend money.
  There  is  something terribly wrong 
with  this  juxtaposition of  gleeful
Americans  with  fistfuls of  dollars
storming  the  department store  bar-
ricades  and  the  slaughter  by  the
thousands of innocent Iraqi civilians,
including old people, children and ba-
bies. The war was started by the U.S.,
but  most  Americans feel  absolutely
no sense of personal responsibility
for it.
  Representative  Charles  Rangel  re-
cently proposed that  the draft be re-
instated, suggesting that politicians
would be more reluctant to take the
country to  war if  they  understood
that  their  constituents  might  be
called up to fight.  What  struck  me
was not the uniform opposition to the
congressman's proposal - it  has
long been clear that there is zero sen-  
timent in favor of a draft in the U.S.
- but  the fact that it never provoked
even the briefest discussion of the re-
sponsibilities and obligations of ordi-
nary Americans in a time of war.
  With  no obvious  personal stake  in
the  war in  Iraq, most  Americans are
indifferent to its consequences. In an
interview last week, Alex Racheotes,
a 19-year-old history major  at Wes-
leyan  University  in  Connecticut,
said: "I definitely don't  know anyone
who would  want to fight in  Iraq. But
beyond that, I  get the feeling that
most people at  school  don't  even
think about the war.  They're  more 
concerned with what  grade they got
on yesterday's test."
  His thoughts were echoed by other
Paul Krugman is on vacation.
students, including John Cafarelli, a
19-year-old  sophomore at the Uni-
versity of New Hampshire, who was
asked if he had any friends who
would be  willing to join the Army.
"No, definitely not, he said. "None of
my  friends  even  really  care  about
what's going on in Iraq.
  This  indifference is widespread. It
enables  most  Americans  to  go  about
their daily lives completely uncon-
cerned about the atrocities resulting
from  a  war  being  waged  in  their
name.  While  shoppers  here  are
scrambling to put the perfect touch
to their holidays with the purchase of
a giant flat-screen  TV, or  a  PlaySta-
tion 3, the news out of  Baghdad is of a
society in the midst of a meltdown.
  According  to  the  United  Nations,
more than 7,000 Iraqi civilians were
killed  in  September  and  October.
Nearly 5,000 of those killings occurred in
Baghdad, a staggering figure.
  In a  demoralizing reprise of  life in
Afghanistan under  Taliban rule, the
U.N. reported that  in  Iraq: "The  situ-
ation  of women  has continued  to de-
teriorate.  Increasing  numbers  of
women  were  recorded  to  be  either
victims of  religious  extremists  or
honor  killings.' Some  non-Muslim
women  are forced  to wear  a head-
scarf  and  to  be  accompanied  by
spouses  or male relatives.
  Journalists in Iraq are  being "as-
sassinated  with  utmost  impunity,"
the U.N. report said, with 18 mur-
dered in the last two months.
  Iraq  burns.  We  shop.  The  Ameri-
cans  dying  in  Iraq  are  barely  men-
tioned in  the  press  anymore.  They
warrant maybe  one  sentence in  a long
roundup article  out of  Baghdad, or  a
passing  reference -  no longer than  a
few seconds - in a television news ac-
count of the latest political ditherings.
  Since the  vast majority of Ameri-
cans  do not want anything  to do with the
military or  the  war,  the  burden  of
fighting  has  fallen  on  a  small  cadre
of volunteers who  are being  sent into
the  war zone again  and again. Nearly
3,000  have  been  killed,  and  many
thousands more have been maimed.
  The  war  has  now  lasted  as  long  as
the  American involvement  in  World
War II. But there is no sense of col-
lective sacrifice in this war, no
shared  burden  of  responsibility.  The 
soldiers  in  Iraq  are  fighting,  suf-
fering  and  dying  in  a  war in  which
there  are no clear objectives and  no
end in sight, and which a majority of
Americans do not support.
  They  are  dying  anonymously  and
pointlessly, while the  rest of us are
free to buckle ourselves into the fam-
ily vehicle and head off to the malls
and shop.